A Multiband Polarisation-Insensitive Microwave Metamaterial Absorber Comprising of Concentric Open and Closed Loop Resonators

Article Sidebar

PDF
Published: Jul 16, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i2.3037
URL: https://aem.org.cn/article/article_1785865679491_2c70167411
Keywords:
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) Microwave metamaterial absorbers Polarisation insensitive shielding effectiveness (SE)

Main Article Content

S. Genikala
NIT Mizoram; Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science (MITS) Deemed to be University
A. Ghosh
NIT Mizoram
B. Roy
VIT-AP University

Abstract

An ultra-thin polarization-insensitive triple-band microwave metamaterial absorber is designed and reported in this paper. It comprises of multiple concentric metallic resonators on a metal backed substrate. The outermost resonator is a split structure whereas the inner resonators are closed loops with protruding arms. The overall structure has four-fold symmetry and compact size. It exhibits near unity three absorption peaks at 3.46 GHz, 4.98 GHz, and 7.26 GHz, respectively with exactly same response for all the polarization angles, thereby attaining polarization-insensitive behaviour. The structure demonstrates good stability under oblique incidence up to 60o incident angle for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes of propagation. The shielding effectiveness (SE) at all three peaks is beyond 35 dB. An equivalent circuit is proposed for the designed structure. The absorption mechanism is elaborated using electric (E) and magnetic (H) field analysis. An array of 26 × 26 unit cells of the proposed structure is fabricated and the measured results closely resemble the simulated results. The proposed structure is compared with recent literature to highlight its advantage in terms of wider angular stability under oblique incidence polarization insensitivity, compactness and shielding effectiveness.

Downloads

009
010
011
012
001
002
003
004
005
006
4907
708
Total: 2

Article Details

How to Cite
S. Genikala, A. Ghosh, B. Roy. "A Multiband Polarisation-Insensitive Microwave Metamaterial Absorber Comprising of Concentric Open and Closed Loop Resonators." Advanced Electromagnetics, vol. 16, no. 3, 2026, pp. 39-42. https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i2.3037.
Issue
Vol.16 No. 3(2026)
Section
Research Articles
License

QQ20260805-100446.png


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

References

  1. Z. EL-Wasif, T. Ismail, and O. Hamdy, “Design and optimization of highly sensitive multi-band terahertz metamaterial biosensor for coronaviruses detection,” Opt. Quantum Electron., vol. 55, no. 7, Art. no. 604, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s11082-023-04906-6 View Article.
  2. View Article
  3. Y. Kang, J. Wang, and H. Liu, “A dual-band polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber with a single square metallic patch for sensing application,” Plasmonics, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 449–456, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s11468-021-01537-z View Article.
  4. View Article
  5. K. S. L. Al-Badri, A. S. Younes, and K. F. Mamoon, “Ultra-thin dual-band perfect metamaterials absorber for microwave applications,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 42, pp. 2164–2168, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.300 View Article.
  6. View Article
  7. M. Berka, U. Özkaya, T. Islam, M. El Ghzaoui, S. Varakumari, S. Das, and Z. Mahdjoub, “A miniaturized folded square split ring resonator cell based dual band polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber for C- and Ku-band applications,” Opt. Quantum Electron., vol. 55, no. 8, Art. no. 699, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s11082-023-04954-y View Article.
  8. View Article
  9. X. Huang, H. Yang, S. Yu, J. Wang, M. Li, and Q. Ye, “Triple-band polarization-insensitive wide-angle ultra-thin planar spiral metamaterial absorber,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 113, no. 21, Art. no. 213516, 2013, doi: 10.1063/1.4809655 View Article.
  10. View Article
  11. M. Bennaoum, M. Berka, A. Bendaoudi, A. Y. Rouabhi, and Z. Mahdjoub, “Investigation of a near-perfect quad-band polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber based on dual-T circular shaped resonator array designed on a silicon substrate for C-, X- and Ku-bands applications,” Silicon, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 699–712, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s12633-022-02038-2 View Article.
  12. View Article
  13. S. Sakib, A. Hoque, S. K. B. A. Rahim, M. Singh, N. M. Sahar, M. S. Islam, M. S. Soliman, and M. T. Islam, “A central spiral split rectangular-shaped metamaterial absorber surrounded by polarization-insensitive ring resonator for S-band applications,” Materials, vol. 16, no. 3, Art. no. 1172, 2023, doi: 10.3390/ma16031172 View Article.
  14. View Article
  15. M. S. U. Afsar, M. R. I. Faruque, M. B. Hossain, and M. T. Islam, “SRR inspired modified psi shaped perfect metamaterial absorber for C-band application,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater., vol. 582, Art. no. 171010, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2023.171010 View Article.
  16. View Article
  17. G. Sen, A. Ghosh, M. Kumar, S. N. Islam, and S. Das, “A co-polarized microwave absorber with dual mode resonance based on dual split ring geometry for Wi-MAX and WLAN applications,” Prog. Electromagn. Res. M, vol. 86, pp. 145–152, 2019, doi: 10.2528/PIERM19080804 View Article.
  18. View Article
  19. M. M. Hasan, M. R. I. Faruque, and M. T. Islam, “A tri-band microwave perfect metamaterial absorber,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 59, no. 9, pp. 2302–2307, 2017, doi: 10.1002/mop.30726 View Article.
  20. View Article
  21. M. I. Jahan, M. R. I. Faruque, M. B. Hossain, and S. Abdullah, “An ultra-thin, triple-band, incident angle-insensitive perfect metamaterial absorber,” Materials, vol. 16, no. 4, Art. no. 1623, 2023, doi: 10.3390/ma16041623 View Article.
  22. View Article
  23. M. S. U. Afsar, M. R. I. Faruque, S. Abdullah, and M. J. Hossain, “Rotational symmetric solar system shaped triple band perfect metamaterial absorber for S-, C-, and X-band application,” Sens. Actuators A Phys., vol. 365, Art. no. 114839, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2023.114839 View Article.
  24. View Article
  25. Y. Wei, J. Duan, H. Jing, Z. Lyu, J. Hao, Z. Qu, J. Wang, and B. Zhang, “A multiband, polarization-controlled metasurface absorber for electromagnetic energy harvesting and wireless power transfer,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 70, no. 5, pp. 2861–2871, 2022, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2022.3155718 View Article.
  26. View Article
  27. M. S. U. Afsar, M. R. I. Faruque, M. U. Khandaker, A. Alqahtani, and D. A. Bradley, “A new compact split ring resonator based double inverse epsilon shaped metamaterial for triple band satellite and radar communication,” Crystals, vol. 12, no. 4, Art. no. 520, 2022, doi: 10.3390/cryst12040520 View Article.
  28. View Article
  29. M. Kaur and H. S. Singh, “Design and analysis of a compact ultrathin polarization- and incident angle-independent triple band metamaterial absorber,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 1920–1929, 2020, doi: 10.1002/mop.32264 View Article.
  30. View Article
  31. N. Mishra and R. K. Chaudhary, “Design and development of an ultrathin triple band microwave absorber using miniaturized metamaterial structure for near-unity absorption characteristics,” Prog. Electromagn. Res. C, vol. 94, pp. 89–101, 2019, doi: 10.2528/PIERC19043002 View Article.
  32. View Article
  33. A. Elakkiya, S. Radha, B. S. Sreeja, and E. Manikandan, “An ultrathin microwave metamaterial absorber for C, X, and Ku band applications,” J. Electron. Mater., vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 7275–7282, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11664-021-09251-6 View Article.
  34. View Article
  35. M. B. Hossain, M. R. I. Faruque, A. S. Ahmed, and M. T. Islam, “Wide bandwidth enriched symmetric hexagonal split ring resonator based triple band negative permittivity metamaterial for satellite and Wi-Fi applications,” Results Phys., vol. 37, Art. no. 105511, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2022.105511 View Article.
  36. View Article
  37. S. Genikala, A. Ghosh, and B. Roy, “Triple band single layer microwave absorber based on closed loop resonator structures with high stability under oblique incidence,” AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 164, Art. no. 154629, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.aeue.2023.154629 View Article.
  38. View Article
  39. M. A. Shukoor, V. Kumar, and S. Dey, “Compact polarisation insensitive wide angular stable triple band absorber for RF energy harvesting, RCS reduction, and sensor applications,” Int. J. RF Microw. Comput.-Aided Eng., vol. 31, no. 9, Art. no. e22763, 2021, doi: 10.1002/mmce.22763 View Article.
  40. View Article
  41. N. Kumar and B. K. Kuanr, “Single and double-layered tri-band microwave absorbing materials,” Ceram. Int., vol. 49, no. 20, pp. 32458–32469, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.07.204 View Article.
  42. View Article
  43. O. F. Abdullah, O. A. Hussein, S. A. Shawkat, and K. S. L. Al-Badri, “Design double layers structure based dual band metamaterial absorbers for stealth applications,” J. Eng. Appl. Sci., vol. 14, no. 22, pp. 8315–8320, 2019, doi: 10.3923/jeasci.2019.8315.8320 View Article.
  44. View Article
  45. B. Tütüncü and Y. Altıntaş, “Dual-band polarization-insensitive high-efficiency metamaterial absorber for ISM-band biomedical applications,” J. Electron. Mater., vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 356–366, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s11664-023-10776-1 View Article.
  46. View Article
  47. A. S. Dhillon, D. Mittal, and R. Bargota, “Triple band ultrathin polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber for defense, explosive detection and airborne radar applications,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 89–95, 2018, doi: 10.1002/mop.31547 View Article.
  48. View Article
  49. P. Jain, A. K. Singh, J. K. Pandey, S. Bansal, N. Sardana, S. Kumar, N. Gupta, and A. K. Singh, “An ultrathin compact polarization-sensitive triple-band microwave metamaterial absorber,” J. Electron. Mater., vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 1506–1513, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11664-020-08680-z View Article.
  50. View Article
  51. S. A. Shawkat, K. S. L. Al-Badri, and I. Al-Barazanchi, “Three band absorber design and optimization by neural network algorithm,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., vol. 1530, no. 1, Art. no. 012129, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1530/1/012129 View Article.
  52. View Article
  53. M. A. Shukoor, S. Dey, and S. K. Koul, “A simple polarization-insensitive and wide angular stable circular ring based undeca-band absorber for EMI/EMC applications,” IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 1025–1034, 2021, doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2021.3075730 View Article.
  54. View Article
  55. P. Zuo, T. Li, M. Wang, H. Zheng, and E.-P. Li, “Miniaturized polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber applied on EMI suppression,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 6583–6590, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2957308 View Article.
  56. View Article
  57. R. Kubacki, W. Głuszewski, D. Laskowski, K. Rudyk, and M. Kuchta, “EMC microwave absorber for outdoor applications,” Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol., vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 754–758, 2018, doi: 10.1017/S1759078718000223 View Article.
  58. View Article
  59. G. Deng, K. Lv, H. Sun, J. Yang, Z. Yin, Y. Li, B. Chi, and X. Li, “An ultrathin, triple-band metamaterial absorber with wide-incident-angle stability for conformal applications at X and Ku frequency band,” Nanoscale Res. Lett., vol. 15, no. 1, Art. no. 217, 2020, doi: 10.1186/s11671-020-03448-0 View Article.
  60. View Article
  61. S. Kalraiya, R. K. Chaudhary, and R. K. Gangwar, “Polarization independent triple band ultrathin conformal metamaterial absorber for C- and X-frequency bands,” AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 135, Art. no. 153752, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153752 View Article.
  62. View Article
  63. A. K. Singh, M. P. Abegaonkar, and S. K. Koul, “Dual- and triple-band polarization insensitive ultrathin conformal metamaterial absorbers with wide angular stability,” IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 878–886, 2019, doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2018.2839881 View Article.
  64. View Article
  65. Y. I. Abdulkarim, F. Ö. Alkurt, M. Bakir, H. N. Awl, F. F. Muhammadsharif, M. Karaaslan, B. Appasani, K. S. L. Al-Badri, Y. Zhu, and J. Dong, “A polarization-insensitive triple-band perfect metamaterial absorber incorporating ZnSe for terahertz sensing,” J. Opt., vol. 24, no. 10, Art. no. 105102, 2022, doi: 10.1088/2040-8986/ac8889 View Article.
  66. View Article
  67. M. S. U. Afsar, M. R. I. Faruque, and M. B. Hossain, “Holy cross-moon shaped dual band perfect metamaterial absorber for C-band application,” Mater. Today Commun., vol. 33, Art. no. 104309, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.104309 View Article.
  68. View Article
  69. M. Berka, B. Fellah, T. Islam, A. Bendaoudi, S. Das, Z. Mahdjoub, and L. Tarricone, “A triple band square-interlinked-rhombus shaped metamaterial absorber for microwave C and X-band utilizations,” Opt. Quantum Electron., vol. 55, no. 14, Art. no. 1223, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s11082-023-05511-3 View Article.
  70. View Article
  71. K. S. L. Al-Badri, “Multi band metamaterials absorber for stealth applications,” Revista de Direito, Estado e Telecomunicações, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 133–144, 2019, doi: 10.26512/lstr.v11i1.22928 View Article.
  72. View Article
  73. Y. I. Abdulkarim, L. Deng, H. Luo, S. Huang, M. Karaaslan, O. Altintas, M. Bakir, F. F. Muhammadsharif, H. N. Awl, C. Sabah, and K. S. L. Al-Badri, “Design and study of a metamaterial based sensor for the application of liquid chemicals detection,” J. Mater. Res. Technol., vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 10291–10304, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.07.034 View Article.
  74. View Article
  75. L. Dewangan, N. K. Mishra, and S. Ghosh, “Angularly stable high-Q factor metamaterial absorber for biomedical sensing applications,” IEEE Sens. Lett., vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 1–4, 2024, doi: 10.1109/LSENS.2024.3414337 View Article.
  76. View Article
  77. M. B. Hossain, M. R. I. Faruque, M. T. Islam, M. Singh, and M. Jusoh, “Triple band microwave metamaterial absorber based on double E-shaped symmetric split ring resonators for EMI shielding and stealth applications,” J. Mater. Res. Technol., vol. 18, pp. 1653–1668, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.03.079 View Article.
  78. View Article
  79. N. Mishra, D. K. Choudhary, R. Chowdhury, K. Kumari, and R. K. Chaudhary, “An investigation on compact ultra-thin triple band polarization independent metamaterial absorber for microwave frequency applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 5, pp. 4370–4376, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2675439 View Article.
  80. View Article
  81. S. Jorwal, A. Dubey, R. Gupta, et al., “Triple-band ultrathin Minkowski fractal-inspired polarization-insensitive microwave absorber for stealth application,” J. Electron. Mater., vol. 53, no. 12, pp. 8171–8179, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s11664-024-11444-8 View Article.
  82. View Article
  83. S. Murakonda, K. S. S., and C. D. S., “Polarization-insensitive triple-band compact FSS-based absorber,” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 461–475, 2025, doi: 10.1080/09205071.2025.2454394 View Article.
  84. View Article
  85. B. Hu, S. Hong, H. Ding, et al., “Dual-controlled tunable polarization-independent triple-band absorber using hybrid Dirac semimetal-vanadium dioxide metamaterial,” Opt. Quantum Electron., vol. 57, no. 2, Art. no. 138, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s11082-025-08066-7 View Article.
  86. View Article
  87. S. A. Schelkunoff, Electromagnetic Waves . New York, NY, USA: D. Van Nostrand, 1943.
  88. CST Studio Suite, Version 2022, Computer Simulation Technology, Darmstadt, Germany, 2022.

Similar Articles